Grace Hartigan's Billboard
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Grace Hartigan Introduction |
Glossary
ABSTRACT ART Art that
does not imitate or directly represent the appearance of
objects. Art concerned with lines, shapes, and colors in
themselves. The terms non-representational and
non-objectiveare often used to describe abstract art.
ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM An
artistic movement that called for freedom from traditional
social and aesthetic values and emphasized spontaneous
personal expression. The first American movement to develop
independently of European art, it began in New York in the
1940s and peaked in the 1950s.
ACTION PAINTING A form of
Abstract Expressionism associated with the New York School.
Action painting records the force of the artist's feelings
as well as the dynamic physical act of painting.
ANALOGOUS COLORS Colors
that share a hue, such as red, orange, and orange-red.
Analogous colors usually appear to be in harmony.
ASYMMETRY The arrangement
of forms in such a way that the composition cannot be
divided into corresponding halves.
AVANT-GARDE Experimental
or daring. This French term originally meant a military
front line, or vanguard.
BALANCE To give stability
and equilibrium to a composition through the placement of
elements such as form, line, and color.
COLLAGE A two-dimensional
composition assembled from various flat materials--paper,
wood, string, cloth-onto a background and sometimes combined
with painting and drawing.
COMPLEMENTARY COLORS
Color pairs that exhibit maximum contrast. They are opposite
each other on the color wheel (red and green) and when
placed side by side appear intensified. Also called
contrasting colors.
CONTOUR The outline or
general shape of a form.
CONTRAST The
juxtaposition of dissimilar elements.
COOL COLORS Colors
associated with cool temperatures, as blue with ice. Cool
colors appear to recede.
FIGURATION The
representation of figures, animals, or other recognizable
objects.
GEOMETRIC Having an
outline composed of straight lines or simple curves, as a
square, triangle, or circle.
IMPROVISE To compose or
perform on the spur of the moment, without preparation.
INTENSITY The brightness
or dullness of a color.
MONOCHROMATIC Composed of
only one color or different tints and shades of one
color.
NATURALISTIC Appearing as
in nature, without distortion. The word realistic is used
interchangeably with naturalistic.
NEW YORK SCHOOL A group
of predominantly abstract painters who worked in New York
City after 1940.
OVERLAPPING Extending
over or past something, so as to cover part of it. In art,
overlapping is often used to create an illusion of
depth.
PRIMARY COLORS Red,
yellow, and blue. The fundamental colors from which all
other colors are made.
REPETITION The occurrence
of something again in the same form.
REPRESENTATIONAL Depicted
in a naturalistic or realistic manner, so as to be a
recognizable figure or object.
RHYTHM In music, a
recurring pattern of strong and weak pulses or accents. In
art, the repetition of shapes, lines, or colors.
SECONDARY COLORS Green,
orange, and purple. The result of mixing two primary
colors.
SHADE A color made darker
by the addition of black.
SYMMETRY The identical
arrangement of similar forms on either side of a central
axis.
TERTIARY COLORS Colors
produced by mixing two secondary colors. Also, a color
produced by mixing equal amounts of a primary color and a
secondary color adjacent to it on the color wheel. Also
called intermediate colors.
TINT A color made lighter
by the addition of white.
VALUE The lightness or
darkness of a color.
WARM COLORS Colors
associated with warm temperatures, as red with fire, or
yellow with the sun. Warm colors appear to advance.