ABSTRACT, ABSTRACTION
AESTHETIC
AGRARIAN
ALLUVIAL
ANATOMICAL
APEX
APPENDAGE
ARCHAEOLOGICAL
ARISTOCRAT
ART NOUVEAU
ARTICULATED
ARTIFACT
ARTISAN
ASYMMETRICAL
ATHENA
ATMOSPHERIC DAMPERS
ATTRIBUTE
BACK PRESSURE
BLACK-FIGURE
BRUSHSTROKE
CALLIGRAPHY
CARICATURE
CERAMIC
CEREMONIAL
COILING METHOD
COMMEMORATIVE
COMMISSION
CONCAVE
CURVILINEAR
DYNASTY
EARTHENWARE
EMBELLISH
ENGOBE
EXAGGERATED
EXCAVATION
FRONTAL, FRONTALITY
GEOMETRIC
GLAZE
GROUND
GUACO
HERAKLES
HERMES
HEXAGON
HEXAGRAM
HIEROGLYPHIC
IDEAL, IDEALIZED
INCISED
INDIGENOUS
INTER
IRIDESCENT
IRON OXIDE
JUGENDSTIL
KAOLIN
KILN
KYKNOS
LOESS
LOW RELIEF
LUSTER GLAZE
MAJOLICA
MANTLE
MESA
MING
MODELING
MOTIF
NATIONALIST
NATURALISM
NATURALISTIC
NOMADIC
OBSIDIAN
OCHER
ONI
ORGANIC
ORNAMENTAL
ORNAMENTATION
OVERGLAZE
OXIDATION
PACIFIC RIM
PATTERN
PECTORAL
PERFORATE
PIGMENT
PLAITED
PLASTIC
PORCELAIN
POTSHERDS
POTTER'S WHEEL
PUKI
RADIOCARBON DATING
REALISM, REALISTIC
REDUCTION
REGIONAL
RENAISSANCE
ROMANTICISM
SAGGER
SARONG
SCARIFICATION
SCULPTURAL GROUP
SCULPTURE
SGRAFFITO
SILICA
SLIP
STONEWARE
STYLIZED
SUSTAINABLE
SYMMETRICAL
SYNERGY
TEMPER
TERRA-COTTA
THREE-DIMENSIONAL
THROWN
TIN-GLAZED EARTHENWARE
TRIGRAM
TUNNEL KILN
UNDERGLAZE
UTILITARIAN
EXAGERRATED, simplified, or manipulated; creation of a
form with little or no attempt to represent it
realistically or pictorially.
Evaluating works of art based on visual, moral, or
social criteria. Also, the quality of beauty that
defines or is perceived in a work of art.
Of the land; related to the tilling and planting of the
fields.
Composed of clay, silt, sand, gravel, or other material
deposited by running water.
Related to the structural makeup of the parts of a body
or an organism.
The highest point; the most accomplished stage of
development.
A lesser part of the body, such as an arm or leg.
Related to the scientific study of the cultural remains
of a people, such as fossils, ARTIFACTS, or monuments.
A member of a small, privileged group of people who are
often the governing class. The group consists of persons
of noble birth who believe themselves to be superior to
the common people.
A design style of the late nineteenth century
characterized by graceful, STYLIZED plant and animal
forms.
Clearly defined by shape or form.
An object remaining from a particular period that was
created by humans usually for a practical purpose.
A worker who creates goods by hand with skill and
dexterity; craftsperson.
Consisting of an arrangement of forms that do not appear
the same on either side of an imaginary line. An uneven
distribution of weight in the shape of an object or
design.
The Greek goddess of wisdom, the arts, and the sciences
whom the Romans called Minerva.
Passageways or channels that can be opened or closed to
regulate air drafts and thereby affect the amount of
heat and oxygen in a kiln.
Any object or accessory used to identify the character
represented.
An atmospheric condition in which the air draft is
forced back into the kiln chamber, increasing the heat
and air pressure.
A style of ancient Greek pottery where black figures are
painted in silhouette against the red surface of the
clay. The images were primarily scenes from literature
and mythology.
The mark left by a filled brush on a surface that can
show direction, thickness, texture, and quality.
Brushstrokes can be obscured to achieve a smooth
surface, or made obvious to express movement or emotion.
The art of producing artistic, elegant, stylized
handwriting or lettering.
Exaggeration of a person or object by distorting certain
parts or characteristics.
Any product made from clay fired at a high temperature.
Sufficient heat makes the object able to hold water. See
EARTHENWARE, STONEWARE, PORCELAIN.
Belonging to a series of acts performed as part of a
special observance or occasion and based on ritual,
protocol, or convention.
Creating a clay object by placing long, rolled out ropes
of clay called coils around a base and then pinching
them together with the hands and fingers.
Intended to call to remembrance, often through ceremony or
observation.
To hire an artist or workshop to make a work of art,
often according to specific guidelines.
Curved in like the inside of a bowl; hollowed or rounded
inward.
Formed or represented by curving lines.
A succession of rulers of the same line of descent.
Ceramic objects made of slightly porous clay fired at a
low temperature.
To increase the beauty or attractiveness of an object by
adding decoration or ORNAMENTATION.
A solution of finely sifted clay and water which is
usually of heavier consistency than typical SLIP.
Engobe is applied to the clay vase before firing and
turns black during the firing process.
Enlarged or overstated beyond the normal or true
appearance.
A cavity or hole formed by digging, cutting, or scooping
in order to study the remains of former civilizations.
The head-on representation of a figure, object, or scene.
Made with mechanical or human-made shapes such as
squares, rectangles, circles, and ovals. Contrast with
ORGANIC.
A glassy coating applied to a ceramic object before
firing that serves as a protective seal and as
decoration.
The background, or overall surface coating. Also, a
surface suitable to receive and hold surface decoration.
A residue that results from boiling down Rocky Mountain
bee plant (wild spinach) and tansy mustard; it is mixed
with ground mineral pigments and water to create a black
paint used by Southwestern Native American potters.
A Greek mythological hero, known to the Romans as
Hercules, who personified physical strength and courage.
The Greek messenger god, known to the Romans as Mercury.
Hermes was also the guide of the dead to the underworld,
the patron of travelers, and the god of commerce.
A geometric figure with six sides and six angles.
Any of 64 symbol pairs (the individual characters are
called TRIGRAMS) that represent messages found in a
Chinese book of wisdom called the I Ching, or Book of
Change.
Belonging to a system of writing that mainly consists of
pictorial characters.
Created according to a standard of beauty, perfection, or
excellence.
Scratched into the surface of the clay wall while it is
still damp to produce decorations.
Native to a particular region or environment; produced,
growing, living, or occurring naturally.
To place a dead body in a tomb or in the earth.
Displaying a lustrous rainbowlike array of colors that
changes depending on the angle of view.
Iron combined with oxygen, resulting in rust. When used
in glazes or slips, it produces a reddish brown color.
German for "young style," the word used in Germany for
ART NOUVEAU.
A very pure white clay that is one of the principal
ingredients in porcelain.
An oven-like structure for firing pottery that can be
heated to very high temperatures. The first kiln was
invented in the Middle East 6,000 years ago.
The son of Ares, the Greek god of war.
A yellowish brown loam found in North America, Europe,
and Asia that consists of clay, silt, and sand deposited
by the wind.
A sculpture in which the image protrudes only slightly
from the surrounding surface material.
A glaze containing silver or copper oxide that, when
fired, produces an IRIDESCENT metallic sheen on the
surface of the object.
A glazed and decorated soft paste pottery named for the
island of Majorca (Mallorca) located off the east coast
of Spain. This pottery was made in Italy and Spain and
introduced into the New World by the Spanish.
A loose sleeveless cloak or garment that is usually worn
over other clothes.
An elevated tableland bounded by vertical slopes. It is
usually the result of erosion rather than an uplifting
of the earth's surface.
A Chinese dynasty (1368-1644) famous for its exquisite
ceramics. The Ming style refers to blue-and-white
porcelain produced during the fifteenth century and
later that was exported in great quantities to Europe.
Manipulating a piece or pieces of clay by hand to form a
desired shape.
A theme, image, or pattern in a work of art. The main
element of the design.
Professing loyalty and devotion to a nation, placing
primary emphasis on promoting its culture and interests,
and advocating independence from outside influences.
Accurate depiction of a subject by being true to its
appearance.
Characterized by features or elements based on nature
and scientific observation without idealization.
Wandering people who have no fixed residence, but move
from place to place within a particular territory
usually according to seasonal changes.
A dark natural glass formed from cooled molten lava.
An earthy red or yellow iron ore used as a PIGMENT.
The title for the Yoruba ruler, who was both a priest
and a king.
Made with curving, natural forms. Contrast with
GEOMETRIC.
Adding grace or beauty; serving as adornment.
Something that decorates, embellishes, or increases the
beauty or attractiveness of an object.
Glaze decoration applied after the first firing in the
kiln. Also called enamel colors, overglaze is a compound
of powdered glass tinted with mineral oxides to produce
various colors.
A firing condition in which the fuel is stacked loosely
so that there is more oxygen present than is consumed by
the burning fuel. In a closed firing, such as a kiln,
more oxygen may be introduced.
A geographic area defined as countries bordering on or
located in the Pacific Ocean.
An artistic or decorative design created by the regular
repetition of shapes, lines, colors, and MOTIFS.
Something worn or situated in or on the chest.
To make a hole or holes through the surface.
A plant, animal, or mineral substance that is mixed with
liquid and used to add color to coating materials such
as SLIP or paint.
Interwoven strands or locks of hair; braided.
Capable of being molded or modeled into a desired shape,
pliable. Clay becomes plastic when mixed with water.
A fine-grained, nonporous ceramic ware consisting of
quartz, kaolin, and a type of feldspar called petuntse.
When fired at very high temperatures, the kaolin and
feldspar fuse, or vitrify, to create a white,
translucent, and extremely hard clay body. Also called
hard-paste or "true" porcelain.
Fragments of a broken ceramic object.
A flat, horizontal disk that revolves on a vertical
spindle and is used by a potter to shape clay into
circular forms.
A base used to support coils of clay as they are joined
together to form a pot. It can be anything that will
hold the pot, from a china plate or cereal bowl to a pie
tin.
Measuring the carbon 14 content (the emission of
radioactive particles) of an object or archaeological
specimen in order to determine its age.
A style of art in which the subject is portrayed as
closely as possible to the way the human eye sees it.
A firing condition in which the use of excess fuel or
other means inhibits the amount of oxygen that comes
into contact with the object. At some point, the oxygen
supply may be totally cut off.
Relating to a specific geographical area; characterized
by particular types of vegetation and mineral deposits.
A rebirth or revival of certain ideas or cultural
ideals; usually refers to the revival of classical
influences (from ancient Greece and Rome) in the western
world. Also, a period of great artistic and intellectual
activity.
An eighteenth-century European literary, artistic, and
philosophical movement that emphasized the imagination
and emotions, exalted common man, and revered the
potential beauty and destructive power of nature.
A clay box in which a dried ceramic object is placed for
protection when it is fired in a kiln.
A loose skirt or dress worn by men and women and formed
by wrapping a long strip of cloth around the body.
The process of making scratches or small cuts in the
skin to form scars. Used to mark the status or identity
of a person.
A combination of sculpted objects placed together to
depict a unified theme or event.
A three-dimensional work of art formed by carving,
modeling, casting, or assemblage.
A type of CERAMIC decoration where designs are produced
by removing parts of an overlayer (such as a GLAZE or
SLIP) to form a pattern and reveal the contrasting color
or texture underneath.
Silicon dioxide (SiO2); which exists as sand in its
impure form.
A very thin mixture of clay and water which is applied
to the surface of ceramic objects as decoration. Slip
can also be used as a solution to bind different parts
of a vessel together, such as the handle and the main
body.
Opaque ceramic ware in which the body and glaze fuse
together in a non-porous vitrified (glassy) state, as a
result of firing at very high temperatures (above 2190°
F).
Designed by simplifying or generalizing forms, often
according to a pattern or specific convention rather
than according to nature.
Related to careful use of a resource so that it is not
depleted or damaged permanently.
Balanced by distributing the weight of objects or
designs equally on either side of the center of the
work.
A combination of actions or operations that creates a
result greater than the sum of the individual parts.
A substance kneaded into clay until uniform in texture
that helps prevent pottery from cracking by slowing down
the drying process.
A naturally-occurring, earthen clay that is easily
shaped and hardens when dried. When fired, it increases
in strength and can hold liquids.
Occupying three dimensions; giving the illusion of depth
or varying distances from the viewer.
Formed or shaped on a potter's wheel.
Lightly fired pottery, usually buff or pink in color,
that is coated on the surface with an opaque glaze. The
glaze contains fine sand, known as SILICA, calcined
lead, and tin oxides. The tin oxides, or ash, make the
glaze opaque. Common types of tin-glazed earthenware are
known as MAJOLICA, Faience, and Delftware.
Any of eight combinations of three whole or broken lines
grouped together to form characters. Trigrams are used
by the Chinese in pairs called HEXAGRAMS to foretell
future events or discover hidden knowledge.
A wood-burning, enclosed tubular-shaped oven for firing
pottery that originated in Korea. The structure is
usually built on a gentle slope to promote draft and
burns hot enough to fire porcelain. Air enters at one
end, passes through a chamber holding the ceramic wares,
and exits through a flue. Because of its length, it can
take many hours to build uniformly high temperatures
throughout the firing chamber.
Glaze decoration applied to the pottery before it has
been fired. Usually it must be able to withstand very
high temperatures.
Relating to something that is useful or was designed for
general, everyday use.
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